Newspaper+and+Magazine+Articles


 * __Stories from History__**

My grandfather's story was kind of hard to figure out cause he told it to me a long time ago and when I called to refresh my memory he was sick and couldn't talk, but I remember some details from when I was first told it. He enrolled in the navy a couple years into college to help him pay for it, but somehow his papers were confused and instead of recieiving training in something sort of related to his experience (he was an English major), he was put in the Electrical Engineering department, and actually left the Navy with a degree in Engineering which helped him a lot later in life! -Regina Dellea

My paternal grandfather served as a medic in the OSS. He was st ationed in India and I never really learned to much about his specific duties. From what I gathered he never served in combat. He was planned to have an invasion of China, but did have to go due to the atomic bomb. My maternal grandmother worked in a military factory in England, while she was underage. She had to also work shelters during air raids. -Andrew W.

My grandfather served in the Canadian 3rd infantry and participated in the D-Day invasion. He never shared any stories with his family, but I do know that he had a piece of shrapnel in him at one point. He never went back to Canada once he returned home and he settled down in Tewksbury MA and had 10 kids. He spent most of the rest of his life o his boat or in a bar. Last year he was really sick and some guy came to pick him up and take him out one day and I guess when he was droppping my grandfather back off he told my aunt that he was a hero... so that guy was able to get him to talk about his experiences over there. It would have been cool to get one story out of him, especially about D-Day. -Ashley

My grandparents and their siblings were all very involved in the war effort. My grandfather Ed was in the army but trained people in Texas and never deployed. His brother Fred was in the navy. Another brother Bud was in the army as well as Bob. Their brother Al was in the navy as well. Their brother Phil was in the air force and their sister Evelyn was an army nurse. That was all on the Hicks side. My father's mother's side also had people involved in the war effort. My great uncle owen was in the Army, stationed in the Aleutian Islands during WW II. His brother Johnny, was in the Army; he was captured by the Germans during the Battle of the Bulge, and was a Prisoner of War (POW) until the war ended. And finally on my mother's side of the family her father Edward, was in the navy and served as a sailor on PT Boats during WW II in the pacific. -Katie Hicks

My Grandma lives in LaGrange, Georgia and was born in 1941. She remembers when she was little, they have very little money so once a week they would get stamps from the government and with that they could get sugar, rations, and gasoline. Because of their financial status, they could only afford to eat meat once a week. Every other time had to be either vegetables or breads. They had 3 rooms in their trailer home: a kitchen, a bedroom and an extra room. Her and her 5 brothers/sisters shared that room. When they had to go to the bathroom, it was either the outhouse or the pot in the corner. This was the same corner that they used to take baths. Everyone in her neighborhood had similar living conditions, but they were all considered the poorer side of town. -Matt

My Grandfather grew up in Penistone England, which is near Sheffield where a lot of steel mills were located. Towns would have blackouts and cover all the windows at night so the German bombers wouldn't be able to bomb accurately, and one of the German planes crashed in a field. My grandfather and his friends stripped the plane and stole all they could, but the police confiscated everything. In 1957 my grandfather was drafted into the English army even though the war was over. He was stationed in Hong Kong; one night when out on patrol the platoon had to sleep where they stopped with no light due to enemy forces being near by. When my grandfather woke in the morning he discovered he had spent the night sleeping on the corpse of a Chinese man. Lewis

My Pepere grew up in Lowell and never traveled anywhere until he joined the Army in the Korean War. He never saw live action. However, he went through basic training and was sent overseas to Japan on a Naval vessel. He said everyone on board was seasick but him because he volunteered for every assignment to keep his mind off of the rocking of the boat. He did everything from swabbing the decks to peeling potatoes in the galley. He made it across with no sickness and an appreciation of all the men who spend months on ships and submarines in the Navy. While he was in Japan he looked for a momento to bring home to acknowledge his time abroad - he brought back a beautiful set of handpainted china which my mother has to this day. - Bethany

This is is pretty "weak" story and I can't contact the realitives to get more info (was told this awhile ago), so I will likely post a news article as well. My Great-Grandfather served in WW2 and was sent to the Neatherlands as past of his assignment. His future bride (and I think others in her family) were aiding American/Allied soliders (have been told they were paid to do laundry). That is how they met, as she was from teh area he was stationed in. He brought her to American after the war ended and he returned home, he just passed away this past year (2010). -Jess

Mine is pretty weak too, seeing as my Uncle Jimmy, although we love him dearly makes a lot of things up but we have pictures to prove this one so I think it's true. My maternal grandfather joined the navy when he was 26 and was part of the crew of the USS St. Louis where he was a gunner's mate. Apparently he was at Pearl Harbor when it was attacked but was not on a ship that had any damage, but he would still never speak about it to anyone. My maternal grandmother was an air raid warden in Melrose, MA before my grandfather asked her to come to San Francisco where he was in a military hospital. They got married there and she worked in a factory building planes for the war. My paternal grandfather was 40 when he enlisted in the army and he had to petition to enlist because he was so old. He was stationed in Europe for the war and was an army photographer; we have some of his pictures from VE Day. My grandma would always tell me about the Army Navy football games where she would watch my grandpa play but that's all she ever really said. -Katy

A family friend served as a Marine in the pacific during WWII. He doesn't remember and is a bit scatterbrained now but he remembers a little. One thing that he never forgot is the massive amount of ships that were ready to invade the mainland of Japan. He remembers overlooking the ocean he saw ships as far as the eye could see. During his training to become a Marine His officer tested gas on him and his companions. He said it was the worst feeling ever, He remembers vomiting the rest of the day without reservation. -Alex


 * __W__****__WII Regarding Europe__**

This article properly lays out the foundation and battle plan of D-Day. It shows where the landing points on each of the beaches would be. It shows the invasion from every angle, from the sea invasion to the air, every angle is covered. The article describes the attack as a triphibious strategy combining the Air Force, Navy, and Army in the invasion. -Andrew W.
 * __http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=86858184&sid=3&Fmt=10&clientId=20100&RQT=309&VName=HNP__**

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=6&did=85233919&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1303238875&clientId=20100 This article discusses the Nazi's accusations of Roosevelt after his speech. They accused him of distorting facts in an attempt to scare world citizens into supporting the US cause. -Regina

[] This article discusses the issue concerning Thailand's neutrality in the early years of the war. Japan was attempting to tie itself to Manchukuo and China in what they termed a "self-sufficient co-prosperity sphere." Thailand had decided to remain neutral but Japan saw their choice as a negative path and only the second best decision, the best being to join with them. Therefore, Japan made a vast effort to prod Thailand into joining ranks with them. - Bethany

From New York Times June 18th 1944 "Post-Ware Price Policies" A letter to the editor. [] -Jess

[] I wanted to try and examine the war in Europe from a very different angle, from that of the smaller nation who wanted not a part of either side. After examining articles dealing with Sweden adn Norway, countriesx geographically drawn into the conflict despite their desires to remain neutral, I decided to focus in on Ireland. At this point in time Ireland was much more focused on recovering from its own long fight against oppression ans tyranny, and reconstructing their national infrastructure after a violent civil war. This article details how despite their position of neutrality was publicly asserted several times, the British and others worked hard at developing propaganda connecting Ireland to the Germans. When faced with the oppurtunity to join with the Germans and fight against the British, of whom they had recently acquired some sense of freedom from, they stuck true to what "99 percent" of the public desired, neutrality. - Andrew Marciello

Interview with Eisenhower This article is from a magazine called "Yank" from January 2nd, 1944. It creates patriotism and confidence with U.S. involvement through many comparisons between General Eisenhower and Hitler. It paints our general as a much more competent soldier and leader, and the U.S. involvement as preserving the rights and liberties we possess in America. It definitely attempts, successfully I think, to create a sense of patriotism and optimistic enthusiasm. -Jane Peters

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=1&did=86859319&SrchMode=1&sid=3&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1302791157&clientId=20100 This article is about the importance of airplanes during the war in Europe.

The article mentions an assault that the Allies were planning. This attack would involve 11,000 planes in an assault over France. This attack would become D-Day, and the only thing on the article’s mind was the control over the air. The author also mentions that he expects foot soldiers to be in Germany in a few months, not the day before. D-Day was well planned and well concealed even from the public’s knowledge. Even the day afte r it happened, even the newspapers did not know what happened. There was still optimism that the Germans were going to be defeated in the War because they lacked the resources to win.

http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2104/pqdweb?did=85110256&sid=3&Fmt=10&clientId=20100&RQT=309&VName=HNP 'Revolution Urged' This article is about how Roosevelt and Wilson reached out to the Italian people by urging them to overthrow their tyrannical leader, Benito Mussolini. Though the alternative was to face the Allies in war, I find this as a remarkable act of peace; planes were flown over Italy that dropped thousands of leaflets urging for the disavowing of Germany and Hitler/Mussolini. This was towards the end of the war in 1943 and shows how there was a strong desire to compromise and put a stop to the fighting and death. -Mark

This article talks about the situation in Germany near the end of the war in 1943. It discusses how the German workers are dealing with the bombing of their cities, and how work is stalled when either factories or homes of workers are bombed. They also discuss Himmler's rise to power and how Germany seems to be turning on its own people in a desperate attempt to hold the front together. This definitely seems to be a propaganda article, because it is portraying Germany as an extremely desperate and backwards society. -Nick Moreau
 * __[|Report on the German People]__**

http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2104/pqdweb?index=45&did=99264593&SrchMode=1&sid=6&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1302783669&clientId=20100

This article compares past decisive European battles to the current one, and analyzes the validity in HItler's promise for a total victory. It claims that Hitler has fallen short of his prmise to win decisively and quickly and establish a "500 Year Regime," and claims the Allied powers are stronger than they have been previously and certainly stronger than hitler and the Axis Powers anticipated. -Katy

[] The article concerns the fear of the war from the perspective of children. It was saying that fear affected Europe greater then the bombs that were dropped. The government urged parents to hide their fear from their children to protect them. It went on to say that nurseries were making games out the air raids as to keep the children from being too frightened. -Alex

__**WWII Regarding Japan**__

[|Man of the Hour] This article discusses General Douglas MacArthur in detail. It covers his past military conquests and explains that he will be receiving the highest military rank available and being sent to Australia. In Australia he will be leading the battle in the Philippines. What the article does not acknowledge is that they had to send MacArthur by force from the Philippines. This article is very biased and tries to instill a great amount of pride from the Americans reading it. It also does not cover the fact that so much land and so many lives had been taken by the Japanese already. This article does not even hint at the problems that had already come up. -Kaitlin Hicks

__**The Way World War II looked from inside Japan**__ This article approaches WWII from a less accusing view of the the Japanese. It points out how the actions of the Emperor/government doesn't reflect the views of an entire nation. How the lack of Japanese people and language barrier in the United States caused for more hostile feelings and distrust towards the Japanese. There were Americans of German and Italian descent in the US, which showed that not all of them supported the Nazi and Fascist movement. There were few Japanese people in the US though, and those that did live here weren't trusted. The article also mentions that Japan had believed the Soviet Union would mediate between Japan and the Allied Forces. Instead the Soviet Union betrayed them, invading Manchuria and declaring war. The article also promotes the book, "The Journey to the Missouri" by Toshikazu Kase, who was educated in the US and acted as a liaison during the war. Lewis Howe

This article was written in May of 1945 when we had just defeated Germany. That was referred to as Phase I, which took the Allied forces over five years to accomplish. Three days after V-E Day came R-Day, which was the redeployment of troops from the European area to the Far Eastern area. With V-E Day, came much rejoicing and celebrating. A quarter of a million people covered Times Square. However, President Truman had this to say, "We must work to finish the war. Our victory is but half won. The West is free, but the East is still in bondage to the treacherous tyranny of the Japanese. When the last Japanese division has surrendered unconditionally, then only will our fighting job be done." Japan was a nation of 100,000,000 and had an army of 4,000,000. Their leaders were not letting up until the battle was fully over. -Matt Claar
 * __[|Phase II: After Germany, Japan]__**

[|All-Out War Held Japan's Plan In '40] The focus is on how Japan's government had actually supported military adventures even though they were thought of as being opponents. However, figureheads such as Prince Fumimaro actually were part of the signing of the Axis pact. Hitler's regime also saw Japan as a war-worthy country and sought to make it an ally "not only in World War II but for the 'coming struggle for world supremacy.'" The court hearing described here also goes on to state that Japan violated international drug treaties as well as contributed to the murder of a Chinese Marshal because he was an obstacle to Japanese efforts. ~ Emily Dewsnap

[] This article is about Japanese propaganda. It claims that a Tokyo radio broadcast warned the US to stop sending planes to the Pacific to prepare for a Japanese air raids and that German and Italian planes would also attack. The article also mentions that radio broadcasts in Japan were calling for raids in response to American airstrikes. It kind of reads as though the Japanese were trying to threaten the U.S. and it makes the Japanese look as though they were on the defensive and almost scared of continuing U.S. airstrikes. -Ashley

[|Japan troops] News Paper reports on lack of resistance on small islands.
 * __New Deal Criticism Entries__**

http://www.ssa.gov/history/longsen.html This is various remarks that Huey Long made regarding the new deal. It is both speeches he gave as well as rebuttals from the President. He explains his beliefs on most topics during these entries but one in particular was when he decided he wanted his speech to be on the Congressional Record on March 13, 1935. He said "Second. We propose that after homes and comforts of homes have been set up for the families of the country, that we shall turn our attention to the children and the youth of the land, providing first for their education and training. We would not have to worry about the problem of child labor, because the very first thing which we would place in front of every child would be not only a comfortable home during his early years but the opportunity for education and training, not only through the grammar school and the high school but through college and to include vocational and professional training for every child. If necessary, that would include the living cost of that child while he attended college, if one should be too distant for him to live at home and conveniently attend, as would be the case with many of those living in the rural areas." Here he relates his concept of education and comfortable living for all. In the documents covered in class we discussed his semi-socialist beliefs. -Katie Hicks

http://www.ssa.gov/history/fcspeech.html This is a transcription of a speech by Father Coughlin, who was at first a supporter of FDR but by the time he gave this speech he felt that FDR was too soft of bankers and that it was the combined effort of these people and the "soft" government that was responsible for the depression. -regina dellea

[]

This article is critical, but still vaguely optimistic. The author is more checking the progress of the New Deal in 1938 after five years and coming to the conclusion that many of the legislations that have been passed so far are only temporary solutions. He specifically notes the industrial and economic downturn looming in the future, even citing this as a possible second depression. He notes that Roosevelt's fervor in passing legislation to solve the depression present when he came into office isn't present regarding the potential future economic problems the nation is facing. The general perspective of this author is that while Roosevelt has been the man to make the emergency legislation necessary to blaze the path, it's not quite clear if he is the man to put in place the long term solutions to this country's problems. - Andrew Marciello


 * __ http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=338&did=87887541&SrchMode=1&sid=18&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1299168009&clientId=20100 __**

This article is of Herbert Hoover criticizing the New Deal. He makes demonizing arguments about "National Planning" and the "Planned Economy". This is judging the New Deal as failing the American people. How that it is unhelpful, plans for foreign silver are inadequate, and bank credit inflation. He believes that eh tax dollars toward public workers should cease. This would be the counter argument to the New Deal. Hoover is calling FDR's policies a failing aurora borealis. He calls to end the monetary practices that are currently in effect. I find this interesting because, he is not just protesting by trying to offer solutions to the problems as well. He even goes as far as to call FDR’s plans un-American. -Andrew Wilmarth


 * __ http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2104/pqdweb?index=4&did=105816051&SrchMode=1&sid=8&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1299108646&clientId=20100 __**


 * At first glance, this article is interesting strictly for its entertainment value, but as one reads further, and gets past the fact that a senator was getting eggs thrown at him while he gave a speech. The end briefly and succinctly mentions his support for Roosevelt and the NRA although he agrees that it will probably not work. His criticism of the NRA drew boos from the crowd and he later retracted his statements. It also at the tail of the news article says another negative thing on Long about him being a malicious liar. This one article really illustrates the dislike of the media for Long as he himself called them the "lying newspapers". **

[] This source is a speech made by Father Charles Coughlin in 1937. In the speech, Coughlin laments the fall of capitalism as it once was due to Roosevelt’s administration and the New Deal. He also states that democracy has fallen because at the time the Supreme Court, “its last tower of strength,” was being targeted as a cause of the Great Depression. Coughlin sees Roosevelt as just another tool used by international Jewish bankers because he has allowed money to be issued and regulated through private means, ignoring Congress’s right to issue and regulate the monetary value. His entire speech is an attempt to make the audience aware that the people in power are to blame as well as everyone who supported Roosevelt’s New Deal and now they must live with their decision. - Bethany Jones

[]

This article gives a very detailed account of the spending during the first four years the new deal was implemented. The author seems to go back and forth between whether the spending is worth what it is costing the government or whether it should not be spent. He is critical of FDR at one point Because he states that FDR could split the recording of the budget into two sections which would change how people view how much is being spent. The author states that if FDR does such a thing he could say that the general spending is staying right on track while not discussing the spending for relief and aid. It is interesting how he breaks down how the spending for different things and shows the costs at the time. He ends the article by showing the total budget of the government spending with relief and with out the aid given. The total with relief is $27,070,427,443 and without is 5,393,960,103 which shows the huge difference in numbers and how people could be led to believe not much money is being spent if they are shown normal government spending.

Alex M

[|http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2068/gtx/retrieve.do?contentSet=IAC-]

[|Documents&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&qrySerId=Locale%28en%2C%2C%29%3AFQE%3D%28KE%2CNone%2C31%29Franklin+Roosevelt%27s+%22Bad%22+Deal%24&sgHitCountType=None&inPS=true&sort=DateDescend&searchType=BasicSearchForm&tabID=T003&prodId=ITOF&searchId=R3&currentPosition=1&userGroupName=mlin_c_fitchcol&docId=A194331809&docType=IAC]

This article compares FDR's New Deal to President Obama's stimulus plan. I did not really focus on what the article says about Obama, but it is interesting to compared Obama and FDR... but the article contains some good criticisms about FDR's New Deal. The author writes about how the AAA put a lot of black sharecroppers out of work, how taxes tripled and spending doubled under FDR, and how taxes on payroll discouraged employers from hiring. Those are just a few of the many criticisms in the article, it does not really focus on just one aspect of the New Deal but criticizes multiple aspects. -Ashley

Article “Foes Hasten to Reply”

This article is the Republicans’ response to President Roosevelt defending the New Deal criticisms. One of their main grievances is that FDR is using the Presidential message to Congress over the radio as a means of campaigning. Republicans are also frustrated with being unable to use their alternative New Deal plan. FDR is asking for alternative plans, and that ‘the way is open’. In reality FDR controls congress and they couldn’t get their bill passed. In response to this Republicans hope Supreme Court will take care of their issues. Further concern for the New Deal is the redistribution of power it caused. FDR says he has returned control of the Federal Government to Washington. Republicans see it as control of State Government has been brought to Washington. The article also mentions that Senator Vandenberg plans to investigate activities of the New Deal to look for “waste of money and defiance of good practices”. Lewis Howe

[|The Republican Opposition] Although long, this article outlines straightforwardly outlines Republican feelings about and modifications to the New Deal. It breaks down Republican attitudes to each aspect of the Deal, from relief programs to care for the Aged to foreign affairs. It is interesting because it not only tells what issues the Republican party generally has with New Deal policies, but it also offers their own changes to many of the policies. It claims that the Republicans are not against many of the social goals the Deal attempts to satisfy, but it is majorly the economic actions that are made on the part of FDR. -Jane Peters

--Nick Moreau
 * __ [|ARTICLE HERE] __**
 * This article is a speech by Huey Long criticizing the creators of the New Deal, and in particular FDR. He claims that all Roosevelt is doing is getting Congress to pass the same regulations that Hoover tried and failed to do. He says that they're trying to blame the programs' failures on people like himself, when in reality it's their fault. He criticizes the ideas of destroying crops and livestock in order to increase value while thousands of people are starving. He also criticizes all of the laws and regulations put into effect by programs like the NRA, saying that there's a ridiculous amount of unnecessary laws that business need to follow that keeps them from running their business they way they want to. He claims that Roosevelt made a promise during his campaign to strip down the wealth in the country and give it to the families that need it, but that's the opposite of what he's actually doing. He blames the economic crisis on not being proactive enough--the government knew that that 2% of the people owned 60% of the nations wealth as far back as 1916, and they didn't do anything about it and allowed the rich to control the government. **

[|CLICK FOR YOUR LIFE!] "Five Men At Odds With FDR: FDR AND HIS ENEMIES" This article discusses five critics of Roosevelt and his New Deal: Al Smith (Roosevelt's New York governor predecessor), Huey Long (Lousianian opponent), Rev. Charles E. Coughlin ("radio priest" who was once Roosevelt's ally), John L. Lewis (head of United Mine Workers), and Col. Charles A. Lindbergh ("Lucky Lindy" the first celebrity of the century). ~ Emily Dewsnap

[|"Concerning the New Deal"] This letter to the editor written in July of 1933 says how with every great plan or idea will come criticism. He claims the New Deal to have clear vast benefits and that the "real republicans would rather die than be healed by a democratic doctor." -Matt Claar


 * __Eleanor Roosevelt Entries__**

Although this doesn't have to do with Eleanor Roosevelt, I found this on the My Day website, it's FDR having his birthday party as a toga party! I thought this was both interesting and humorous. On the one hand, they actually went all out and those look rather authentic, compared to current toga parties, and on the other hand its funny to see a president dressed in a toga. Although those that lay the foundation of the country were very into classical architecture and philosophy, its strange to see a current president, contemporary for some living still today to have dawned the toga. Yes, it was a festive occasion, in fact his first birthday as sitting president. When one became a man at the age of 16 in ancient rome, you would dawn your first toga, perhaps there was a deeper meaning to this, though, perhaps not. Sean Doherty
 * __Toga Party__**

[] In this entry by Eleanor Roosevelt on February 18, 1960, she attempts to address two major political issues; Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev’s attack on U.S. foreign aid and racial integration. Eleanor reacted quite strongly to Khrushchev’s opinion that the United States’ offer of foreign aid to India was wholly selfish, whereas the Soviet Union’s offer of aid was unselfish. ER goes on to argue that any nation’s offer of foreign aid is selfish in some respects because it will help improve economic conditions and therefore help improve the world’s economy. Khrushchev also attacked the idea of different nations banding together to offer foreign aid to struggling nations. Eleanor once again argued with his point of view in that it is less selfish than a single nation giving aid and that the nation receiving aid will not be dominated by another foreign nation because of the shared fiscal responsibility. Eleanor also sought to address racial integration by discussing the student movement going on in the South. At the time, students were protesting segregated lunch counters in eating places. ER stated her belief that it shouldn’t be too hard to integrate lunch counters since other places have already become used to people of different races sitting next to each other. - Bethany Jones

This is Eleanor Roosevelt's entry from February 2, 1938. Here we see Eleanor in a more motherly role, as she talks about having movies for ten children. She discusses how the movie industry is incredible at appealing to children, because they were quiet for the movie's entire duration. She also talks about how children never view anything as a present unless it is wrapped when they first get it, and she reflects that the outer wrappings of things are always the most fun part about them, even for adults. She also comments on the fact that she has received articles from some automobile safety administration with findings saying that while men are better drivers on the whole, women retain the skill longer. This seems to be encouraging to her. --Nick Moreau
 * __[|ARTICLE HERE]__**

Eleanor Roosevelt’s diary entry is talking about the Polio vaccine. How now that children are getting the vaccine adults, especially parents should too. That it is easier to teach a crippled child how to live, than it is to re-teach an adult how to live crippled. She was also fascinated by a polio victim who had a shelf that would stabilize mixing bowls, so they could stir things in them for cooking. Can obviously see how should would have interest in polio as her husband had it. Her comments about the adults being a priority for the vaccine may seem a bit cold hearted, but gives her more an impression of being a realist. [] Lewis Howe

"Listening in on Eleanor Roosevelt" (Everyday Magazine) In this article, Lee Paton Chiles, the creator of a play about Eleanor Roosevelt's life talks about her along with historian Allida Black. Chiles claims that the script is based entirely from historical documents, diary entries, etc. The play is entitled "Eleanor: The People's First Lady." Both Black and Chiles admire Eleanor's realistic side to life which gave her the ability to not become too bogged down in small things. She also held her own despite the powerful presence of her husband Franklin. [|http://web .fitchburgstate .edu:2104/pqdweb ?did=40597048 &sid=2 &Fmt=3 &clientId=20100 &RQT=309 &VName=PQD] ~ Emily Dewsnaz

http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2104/pqdweb?index=2&did=105128833&SrchMode=1&sid=4&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1298256119&clientId=20100

I accidentally did the assignment wrong and researched a whole different thing instead of ER, which is all about women in politics. This article written in 1933 elaborates on some of the issues in the Polenberg articles as well as bringing to light other things. One big section of this newspaper was how unbiased FDR was viewed concerning men and women in politics. The author notes how it was FDR's upbringing that influenced this, because he grew up with powerful, independent women so he never really jumped on the sexist bandwagon. One problem though was that he never made big strides to promote equality, which would have been important coming from the president, but at least he took both man and woman opinions and advice when making decisions and appointed many women to office positions not because they have the "woman's view" but because they were good at their job. The rest of the article talks about how some feminists wanted to be able to rid themselves of the term 'feminist' by living in a world where men and women were equals, and the only difference between them was biological, not a social standard or stereotype. Because of this, many women struggled when in office because they were denied full responsibility and any policies they pushed were made by people behind the scenes, not by the woman herself.

Mark L.

[] This entry by Eleanor Roosevelt was very heartfelt and powerful. She talks about her experiences on Memorial Day and how the thought of war makes her feel. She feels that we must use Memorial Day to teach the youth that it is necessary to not go to war. The best path for the people of the future is the way of peace. She dreams of a future that does not include the graves of young men scattered all over the world. She wants their gravestones to say they lived a long and happy life, not one ended at the age of 20. Looking back on her wishes it is very unfortunate that they never came true. Countless more young men have lost their lives on the field of battle. It seems that as time goes on we learn nothing of our past and that out endless conquest rages on. It seems that wars with constantly be fought, but the hope for a better future will always be held onto.

+Alex M.

[]

The entry that I read is a later entry from December 20, 1961. At this point FDR has been gone for some time and ER is still dabbling in the Political arena. She is advocating for people to take an active role in their government and the only way to do that is for the individual to have a say in who is elected and to keep close contact with them. Here is where she invites the individual to do away with the causes of war and become more involved with issuses at home. She suggests that the individual that strays from a democratic citizenship will feel inadequate and frustrated. (In the meantime, no citizen of a democracy need feel completely helpless if he becomes an active factor in the citizenship of his community. For it is the willingness to abdicate responsibilities of citizenship which gives us our feeling of inadequacy and frustration. ER) C.Foley

[] This link brings you to a "My Day" of Eleanor Roosevelt's regarding Germany's invasion of Poland. While composing her thoughts about the subject Eleanor refers to a letter that a german friend of hers had written her. It created an interesting perspective for Eleanor because she was being bombarded with all the negative images and sound clips from Germany while her friend was simply asking her not to judge all of Germany and it's people for what a group of extremists were doing. Eleanor acknowledges here and shows her acceptance of all people no matter their circumstance by stating that she feels nothing but sorrow for Germany and nothing but pity for Hitler. She also questions a lot of Hitler's actions and wonders whether he truly knows what he's doing based on what has happened in Germany's past. Overall Eleanor although saddened by the invasion seems more saddened by the state of Germany under what she considers a very questionable leader. -Katie Hicks

[|My Day - January 2 1951] This one of Eleanor's last entries as she is 80 years old in 1951. She recalls a letter she received from an anonymous author telling her that she should not consider herself to be a very old lady. Instead she should be "Eleanor Roosevelt- the Invincible" because she is a well-disciplined woman and should just be herself. Her reaction to the letter shows how humble and thankful she is that someone finds her invincible, but she's honest when she says that she makes mistakes like everyone else. She then goes on to say how this country is not perfect, but that it should have as much confidence in itself because of how we can overcome problems and find greatness. America has dreams and the courage that surpasses even that of its leaders. She adds a little religious hope at the end of her letter by recalling a letter she received from a little girl around christmas time that said we should all come together and believe in a Supreme Being, which shows Eleanor has faith not only in her people but in her religion. Matt Claar

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=1&did=105115348&SrchMode=1&sid=7&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1296699804&clientId=20100&cfc=1

This is a very short article on the nature of Roosevelt's inauguration speech. I found it interesting that his speech was considered short, and that normal presidential speeches were 40 minutes to two hours in length. With all the policies that he was to enact and the troubles he would face, his short and concise speech didn't really provide much information as to how he was to apply his policies to fix the problems the country was plagued with.

Sean D.

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This article is a Letter to the Editor written by one of FDR’s former supporters, which discusses various shortcomings in the New Deal Administration. After visiting fourteen states and witnessing firsthand some of the activities associated with the New Deal, he has changed his opinion of Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal Administration. Some complaints against FDR include his claim to be a Jeffersonian Democrat while jettisoning such methods of government upon gaining the Presidency, the reduction of business/industry, his reckless spending of government money and refusal to account for administrative costs, his quest for centralized power and the hypocritical nature of his denunciation for previous administrations’ actions.

The article was very interesting as it presented negative aspects of the New Deal Administration and raises a few questions as to the efficacy of FDR’s presidency.

- Bethany Jones

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This section of an article is very brief but provides interesting insight into FDR’s public presence. In this section of the article, FDR’s manner of speaking is the focus more so than the speech itself. The author describes the new president as a general rallying his troops before a battle, presenting a fearless persona. It seems that FDR’s personality is equally important to what he is saying, perhaps even more so, especially in reviving the spirits of the audience. This is something we have seen throughout history; the personality and speech of a candidate can often help him win the presidential election (this could be said in the case of past president John Kennedy and current president Barack Obama). Interestingly, the author compares FDR to Georges Danton, an 18th century French politician who is remembered as being one of the leading figures in bringing about the French Revolution. Overall the author seems approving but slightly cynical of FDR’s Inaugural Address. He agrees that the president was successful in inspiring his audience, but also claims that FDR is “credulous or illogical” to expect congress to grant him greater executive powers. The author does not believe FDR will not actually follow through on this claim, but we will see this statement disproven in following years.

-Katy Scott

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 * By HAROLD B. HINTON. (1936, September 20). HOW MUCH HAS THE NEW DEAL COST? WHAT HAS IT GOT FOR THE MONEY :An Analysis of the Outlay in the Four Fiscal Years of Roosevelt Leadership. OFFSETS FOR THE DEFICITS Extraordinary Expenditures That Are to Be Regarded as Capital Investments. RISE OF NATIONAL INCOME. New York Times (1923-Current file), E7. Retrieved February 2, 2011, from ProQuest Historical Newspapers The New York Times (1851 - 2007). (Document ID: 85422729). ||

Hi Everyone, This article discusses the cost of the New Deal, but also compares and analyzes the finances based on the defecit and Treasury's balance. The New Deal's expenditures are analyzed so readers can see where the money was spent over the first four fiscal years of the New Deal. When this article was written it was predicted that President Roosevelt would take the postition that these expenditures from the New Deal would pay off eventually.

S. Kirsch

[|New York Times Letters to the Editor regarding Roosevelt's March 9, 1937 Fireside Chat]

Hi, This article is a pageful of Letters to the Editor regarding Roosevelt's March 9, 1937 Fireside Chat, in which he accused the Supreme Court of abusing their power by overturning too many laws passed by the legislature. The President then claimed that many of the current Supreme Court Justices are too old, and therefore should be replaced. Anyway, I find the letters that do not agree with the President's views to be the most compelling. They make some very interesting points. Roosevelt constantly criticizes the Supreme Court of abusing its power, but by saying that he himself wants to replace almost all of the Justices without any current law saying he can do so, isn't he abusing his power far more than the Court is? As one title of a letter points out, it seems like "Power too Great for an Individual". Also, many of the dissenting opinions point out that Roosevelt is clearly not doing this because the Justices are too old, but rather because they do not agree with his opinion, and he only wants to replace justices so that the Court majority always agrees with him. Also, one of the writers pointed out that Roosevelt constantly criticized the Court of being "legalistic", but isn't that exactly what the Supreme Court is supposed to do? The biggest problem with this whole mess is that, as Roosevelt points out, there is no Constitutional grounds for or against his case. I think that passing a law that outlines exactly what the Supreme Court and the President can and can not do in these particular situations is the only way that this conflict would get solved.

--Nick Moreau

[|Roosevelt Arrival Heartens Capital]

This article is discussing the atmosphere of the country right before Franklin D. Roosevelt took the presidency. It states everyone is hopeful and excited to see a President and Congress that can work together to accomplish tasks to benefit the country. This will be a contrast of the two previous years in which President Hoover and Congress have been bashing heads and working in opposite directions. Things are in fact so bad that it really doesn't matter what Roosevelt does, as long as he does something; "anything Mr. Roosevelt does for a while will be greeted with hopeful applause". Due to the banking crisis the sooner Roosevelt acts the happier people will be. The Republican party seems set against the new President though. The article states that they want 'sound' guidance from Roosevelt, but seemed intent on is to try hard to find anything sound with his plans.

Lewis Howe

[|Roosevelt to act on Banks]

Hello there, This article discusses how as president-elect Roosevelt will have to deal with many people telling him what to do and how to handle his inaugural address. Many people also wanted him to do or say something regarding the banking situation before his address for many believe some sort of emergency legislation should be enacted immediately. This article is reporting that Roosevelt has decided not to act on the situation until he has been granted the authority and that the rumors that he will give specific pledges on policies in his address have faded. His advisors find it wise that he should not say something that he cannot guarantee as of now.

This is interesting because we know now how his inaugural address really went. Instead of proposing concrete ways to fight the Depression his speech tried to instill a new hope for the people. He encouraged America to face the problem candidly and to act decisively. "Nothing is so much to be feared as fear."

-Matt Claar

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This article discusses how President Roosevelt's New Deal policies might have seemed to some like the executive branch was asserting too much power, but in reality it is necessary for the executive to step up and do what he believes necessary for the good of the people. The artlice points out how in times of wars, economic and social unrest the executive is more likely to lead, but that Congress is more likely to lead during times of prosperity. According to the author, this "oscillation between the two branches" is completely natural and necessary for good government and that the osciallations usually respond to underlying national needs.

It was interesting to read a point of view that recognized that Roosevelt may have been asserting a lot of power in the formation of his New Deal policies, but the evidence of the history of the American presidency kind of legitimized the actions he took.

-Ashley DeVlaminck

http://web.fitchburgstate.edu:2104/pqdweb?index=1&did=118961532&SrchMode=1&sid=21&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1296708984&clientId=20100

Even though this might be the most physically painful thing I've ever read, this article about Attorney General Cummings' response is very interesting to read in correlation with FDR's actual call for bringing in "new blood" to the Judiciary system in his fireside chat. Cummings ultimately agrees with FDR about the new blood, but he goes into other areas where the court needs change, like a better system for evaluating and deciding on cases. He lists off the typical work load of a judge, and makes good points as to why younger, more active judges are needed to speed things up. He also says that the Judiciary system does need more judges if there is to be improvement with the delays, which is something FDR doesn't decide on yet as indicated in his broadcast.

-Mark Largey

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=55&did=99834946&SrchMode=1&sid=11&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1296756314&clientId=20100

This article describes Franklin D. Roosevelt's plan for three specific aspects of American life since the New Deal has been put into action. It also says how there are 3 major players who are helping push the progress forward, General Hugh Johnson, Secretary of Agriculture Henry A.Wallace, and Secretary of the Interior Harold Ickles. These men are going to work to better agriculture, public works and industry. These projects have been put on the fast track by the "brain trust" and are being pushed forward.

-Katie Hicks

http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=89010646&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=10&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=HNP&TS=1296756245&clientId=20100

In this article the author discusses FDR's policies and how he did not get involved in World politics when he started. He kept out of what the world was doing around him and tried to focus more on the home front. He kept his eyes posted on what needed to be done in America and the changes that could make his citizen's lives better. In his Inaugeral address he specifically talks about the ways in which he wants to help the American people with jobs and help them with their livelyhoods. He does not talk about anything other then the problems that are going on in America. While the author of this article downs FDR for such actions, it seems like it was the best choice for his presidency at the time.

-Alex Munding

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I included two articles because they are both fairly short informational articles. But I felt that they provided great insight into and added a layer of depth to the entire scene. The first article detailed the worldwide radio coverage that this event was getting with 178 US radio signals and at least 6 other foreign countries tuning in, possibly more. The second article shows FDR's desire to have a larger live audience at his inauguration and his philanthropic efforts to donate all the profits from the seats to charity. These two additions to the situation create a very widely publicised event in which not only is FDR going to speak about his efforts to help the country, any possible profits for the government are going to be turned into a gesture of his sincerity on this matter. This inauguration was much more than just a man speaking into 75 microphones; it was a statement of America's future purpose to the world.

-Andrew Marciello